Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, a 1695 scientific journal published in London by the Royal Society for natural philosophers and naturalists. Its folding copperplate engravings are numbered figures of specimens: shells, minerals, seeds, plant parts and instruments, each labelled with letters for reference. Designers can draw on their precise linework, tidy grid layouts of small specimen studies, and cross-hatched shading typical of early engraving.
