Gakō senran
Gakō senran is a Japanese painting manual published in Osaka in 1740 by Tsurugaya Kyūbē, compiled by Ōoka Shunboku and drawing on the work of Kanō Tan'yū, for artists and students copying models. The pictures show seated and standing scholarly figures in long robes with brief Japanese captions, alongside sketched horses, cranes, and birds set in simple ruled panels, with bold, economical ink outlines a designer could borrow for quick figure and animal studies.
