Cosmographia Petri Apiani,
Cosmographia by Peter Apian, with additions by Gemma Frisius, printed at Cologne in 1574 by the heirs of Arnold Birckmann as a university-level textbook of cosmography and geography. Its pictures are woodcut diagrams of the globe, the equator, parallels, and the meridians, with ornamental border cartouches and small armillary-style figures that a designer could borrow for map frames, scientific engraving motifs, or celestial line work.


































